| Reactions of Titanium |
 Reactions with water |
| Titanium is coated with a thin oxide layer that under normal circumstances renders inert in air. However, titanium will react
with steam to form titanium(IV) oxide and hydrogen.
|
Ti(s) + 2H2O(g) TiO2(s) + 2H2(g) |
| Reactions with air |
| Titanium is coated with a thin oxide layer that under normal circumstances renders inert in air. However, once titanium starts
to burn in air it burns with a bright white flame to form titanium oxide and titanium nitride. It will burn in pure nitrogen to form titanium nitride.
|
| Ti(s) + O2(g)TiO2(s) |
| 2Ti(s) + N2(g)TiN(s) |
| Reactions with halogens |
| Titanium does react with the halogens upon warming to form titanium(IV) halides. The reaction with fluorine requires heating to 200°C.
|
| Ti(s) + 2F2(g)TiF4(s) |
| Ti(s) + 2Cl2(g)TiCl4(s) |
| Ti(s) + 2Br2(l)TiBr4(s) |
| Ti(s) + 2I2(s)TiI4(s) |
| Reactions with acids |
| Dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid reacts with titanium to form the complex anion [TiF6]3- together with hydrogen.
|
| 2Ti(s) + 12HF(aq)2[TiF6]3-(aq) + 3H2(g) + 6H+(aq) |
| Titanium metal does not react with mineral acids at ambient temperature but does react with hot hydrochloric acic to form
titanium(III) complexes.
|
| Reactions with bases |
| Titanium does not appear to react wih alkalis under normal conditions, even when hot. |
| |
TiIII